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在矿山铁路和公路线路设计时,为了选择最佳路径,往往要进行多方案选线比较,其中线路路基土石方工程量是选择方案的重要依据之一。 设计时,土石方工程量的计算是在实测的地形横断图上,根据纵断面上的路肩设计标高和线路平面所要求的路基顶宽及边坡,进行横断面设计,得出横断面积,然后计算土石方工程量。在施工设计中,对平坦地形横断面间距一般要求50米,而对复杂地形则要求20米,并对个别突变地段(如沟堑、土坎等)另加密横断,因此在横断设计中要量出数十个乃至数百个横断面积,就要耗费很大手工劳动,用求积仪或数方格的方法来求出每个横断面积。为加快设计进度,减轻繁琐的手工劳动,可借助电子计算机数字模拟的方法来完成这项工作。
In the design of mine railways and highway routes, in order to choose the best route, it is often necessary to compare multiple route options. Among them, the amount of earthwork in railway subgrade is an important basis for selection. Design, earthwork calculation is based on the measured cross-sectional topographic map, according to the longitudinal section of the shoulder design elevation and line plane required for the subgrade roof width and slope, the cross-sectional design, derived cross-sectional area, and then calculated Earthwork volume. In the design of the construction, the horizontal cross-sectional spacing of the general requirements of 50 meters, while the complex terrain requires 20 meters, and some of the sudden changes in the lot (such as trenches, ridges, etc.) Another encrypted cross-section, Out of dozens or even hundreds of cross-sectional areas, it is necessary to spend a lot of manual labor, using a cross-plot or plotting method to find out each cross-sectional area. In order to speed up the design progress and reduce cumbersome manual labor, this work can be accomplished by means of computer numerical simulation.