论文部分内容阅读
本文探讨的是地理大发现至19世纪蒸汽机普遍使用于海舰之前,亦即风帆时代葡萄牙、西班牙、荷兰、法国和英国等几个海洋国家兴衰的历史原因。一葡萄牙和西班牙对世界海洋的分割葡萄牙和西班牙是地理大发现的先行者,是世界历史上最早的海洋帝国。两国因为大西洋西边新大陆的归属问题发生争斗,经罗马教皇的调停,于1494年签订了《托尔德西利亚斯条约》。根据条约,在佛得角群岛以西
This article explores the historical reasons for the discovery of the rise and decline of several maritime countries such as Portugal, Spain, the Netherlands, France and the United Kingdom prior to the widespread use of steam engines in the nineteenth century by sea vessels, A Segmentation of Portugal and Spain to the World’s Oceans Portugal and Spain are precursors to the discovery of geography and are the earliest marine empires in world history. The two countries fought over the ownership of the New World to the west of the Atlantic Ocean. After the Pope’s mediation, the Treaty of Tordesillas was signed in 1494. Under the treaty, west of the Cape Verde Islands