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采用静电纺丝技术制备了PVA/[Gd(NO3)3+Eu(NO3)3]复合纳米纤维,并将其进行热处理,得到Gd2O3:Eu3+发光纳米纤维。X射线衍射分析表明,复合纤维为无定型,Gd2O3:Eu3+发光纳米纤维属于体心立方晶系,空间群为Ia 3。扫描电子显微镜(SEM)分析表明,复合纳米纤维的平均直径约为200 nm,经过800℃焙烧后,获得了直径约50 nm的Gd2O3:Eu3+发光纳米纤维。差热-热重分析表明,温度高于600℃时,复合纳米纤维中水份、有机物和硝酸盐分解挥发完毕,样品不再失重,总失重率为71.9%。傅里叶转换红外光谱(FTIR)分析表明,复合纳米纤维的红外光谱与纯聚乙烯醇的红外光谱基本一致,600℃以上生成了Gd2O3:Eu3+发光纳米纤维。荧光光谱分析表明,在251 nm紫外光激发下,Gd2O3:Eu3+发光纳米纤维发射出Eu3+离子特征的609 nm明亮红光。讨论了Gd2O3:Eu3+发光纳米纤维的形成机理,该技术可以推广用于制备其他稀土氧化物发光纳米纤维。
The PVA / [Gd (NO3) 3 + Eu (NO3) 3] composite nanofibers were prepared by electrospinning technique and were heat-treated to obtain Gd2O3: Eu3 + luminescent nanofibers. X-ray diffraction analysis showed that the composite fibers were amorphous, the Gd2O3: Eu3 + luminescent nanofibers belonged to the body-centered cubic system, and the space group was Ia3. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) analysis showed that the average diameter of the composite nanofibers was about 200 nm. After calcination at 800 ℃, Gd2O3: Eu3 + luminescent nanofibers with a diameter of about 50 nm were obtained. Differential thermal analysis shows that when the temperature is higher than 600 ℃, the moisture, organic matter and nitrate in the composite nanofibers are decomposed and volatilized, and the sample no longer lose weight, the total weight loss rate is 71.9%. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) analysis showed that the infrared spectra of the composite nanofibers were basically the same as those of the pure polyvinyl alcohol, and the Gd2O3: Eu3 + luminescent nanofibers were formed above 600 ℃. Fluorescence spectrum analysis showed that Gd2O3: Eu3 + luminescent nanofibers emitted 609 nm bright red light characterized by Eu3 + ions under the excitation of 251 nm UV light. The formation mechanism of Gd2O3: Eu3 + luminescent nanofibers is discussed, which can be widely applied to prepare other rare earth oxide luminescent nanofibers.