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目的分析2008-2011年天峨县手足口病的流行病学特征,为今后的防治策略制定提供依据。方法收集该县各乡镇卫生院及县级各医疗卫生单位所诊治的全部手足口病病例,采用Excel软件进行统计分析。结果 4年该县共发现手足口病患者共889例,统计结果显示,该县全年各月份均有病人出现,发病高峰为每年5月份,全县9个乡镇均发现有患者,全县年平均人群阳性率为134.18/10万,2008-2011年病例数分别为77例、50例、693例和69例,无死亡病例出现。0～3岁婴幼儿发病率占81.78%,男女比为2.12:1,散居儿童与托儿所儿童病例比为6.19:1。EV71和CoxA16病毒核酸抗体阳性率分别为27.78%和16.67%。结论该县手足口病患者数量在过去的几年中主要集中在3岁以下幼儿中,发病人数变化较大,需进一步加强该病的防治来减少婴幼儿发病率。
Objective To analyze the epidemiological characteristics of hand-foot-mouth disease in Tian’e County from 2008 to 2011, and provide the basis for future prevention and treatment strategies. Methods All hand-foot-mouth disease cases diagnosed and treated by township hospitals and county-level medical and health units in the county were collected and analyzed by Excel software. Results A total of 889 hand-foot-mouth disease patients were found in the county in 4 years. The statistical results showed that all the patients in the county appeared in each month of the year. The peak incidence was in May each year. Nine townships and towns in the county were found to have patients, The average positive rate of the population was 134.18 per 100 000. The number of cases in 2008-2011 was 77, 50, 693 and 69, respectively, with no deaths. The incidence of infants and young children aged 0-3 years accounted for 81.78%, the male-to-female ratio was 2.12: 1, and the ratio of children in diaspora to nursery was 6.19: 1. The positive rates of EV71 and CoxA16 virus nucleic acid antibody were 27.78% and 16.67% respectively. Conclusion The number of hand, foot and mouth disease in the county in the past few years mainly concentrated in children under 3 years old, the incidence of large changes in the need to further strengthen the prevention and treatment of the disease to reduce the incidence of infants and young children.