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科学选择是制定科学政策的基础。随着科学的发展,无论从规模,难度和经费支持等方面来说,任何一个国家都无法给当代科学活动以全面的支持,而必须有所选择。本文结合基础学科发展研究的需要,对科学选择理论、科学选择的评判标准、科学选择的方法,以及科学选择理论在制定学科发展规划中的应用进行了系统的介绍。在一些工业化国家,科学选择研究已经对科学政策的制定产生了很大的影响。结合我国国情,积极开展科学选择的理论和方法论的研究,对提高我国科学政策研究水平将具有十分现实的意义。
Scientific choice is the basis for formulating science policy. With the development of science, no country, regardless of its scale, difficulty or financial support, can give full support to contemporary science activities and must make its own choice. Based on the needs of the development of basic disciplines, this paper systematically introduces the theory of scientific selection, the criteria of scientific choice, the method of scientific choice, and the application of scientific selection theory in making subject development planning. In some industrialized countries, the study of scientific options has had a significant impact on the formulation of science policy. Combining the actual conditions of our country, the active study of the theory and methodology of scientific choice will have very realistic significance for improving the research level of our science policy.