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(1)本文分别用戊醇-蚁酸-水和丁醇-蚁酸-水为溶剂测定了酒石酸等七种有机酸的 R_f 值。除草酸外,所有结果与文献记录基本符合。在本文实验的温度范围内(30±4°)温度变化对有机酸的 R_f 值并无显著影响。(2)由于草酸的严重拖尾现象,在一般的操作用量下,草酸试液浓度在0.5M 以下不能生成有固定 R_f 值的斑点。因此草酸 R_f 值必须以0.5M 以上的浓试液进行试验,并须以最高处的深浓斑点作为计算根据。(3)对植物组织中非挥发性有机酸的纸上层析,本文建议用两种 R_f 值相互验证,并用浓试液与稀试液作比较试验,所得结果比较明确可靠。(4)用本方法在蓖麻叶中检出了酒石酸,柠檬酸,苹果酸和延胡索酸四种非挥发性有机酸。在荷叶中检出了葡萄糖酸,酒石酸,柠檬酸,苹果酸,草酸和琥珀酸六种非挥发性有机酸。
(1) Rf values of seven organic acids such as tartaric acid were determined using pentanol-formic acid-water and butanol-formic acid-water as solvents. With the exception of oxalic acid, all results are in good agreement with the literature records. The temperature variation within the experimental temperature range (30±4°) has no significant effect on the R_f value of organic acids. (2) Due to the severe tailing of oxalic acid, oxalic acid concentrations below 0.5 M can not generate spots with a fixed Rf value under normal operating conditions. Therefore, the oxalic acid R_f value must be tested with a concentrated sample solution of 0.5 M or more, and it must be based on the highest concentration of deep spots. (3) For paper chromatography of non-volatile organic acids in plant tissues, it is recommended to use two kinds of R_f values to verify each other, and use a concentrated test solution and a rare test solution for comparison test. The results obtained are relatively clear and reliable. (4) Four non-volatile organic acids such as tartaric acid, citric acid, malic acid and fumaric acid were detected in the castor leaves by this method. Glycine, tartaric acid, citric acid, malic acid, oxalic acid and succinic acid were detected in lotus leaf.