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在中小学音乐欣赏教学中借用比较方法的“同类比较法”指导教学,实践证明是极其有效的。同类比较法是比较两种或两种以上同类对象之同异点的方法。在音乐欣赏教学中运用这种方法,要注意选材适当,突出重点,不但要注意同类作品之间的横向联系与纵向联系,而且要深入到作品以外的有关政治、历史、文学、美学等题材背景中寻找其同异点,达到同中求异,异中求同的比较效果,充分发挥学生思维的主观能动性和创造性,使学生在比较分析中领悟到不同音乐题材、体裁的处理手段,不同音乐家、演奏家的创作风格,以及不同乐器的音响效果之间的对比,挖掘其共同特征与不同特征,唤起学生对相关生活形象和意境的想象,使学生在体味作品内涵的同时,也提高感受美、鉴赏美和创造美的能力,起到启迪智慧、陶冶情操、丰富情感、净化心灵、培养优良品质的教育目的。 一、对模拟型作品的比较欣赏 模拟自然是人们认识大自然、热爱大自然的一种表现。大自然中的一些自然音响常常被音乐作品直接或近似地模拟,如马蹄飞奔,风声流水,电闪
In the teaching of music appreciating in primary and secondary schools, the “similar comparison method” using comparative methods to guide teaching has proved to be extremely effective. Similar comparison is a method of comparing the similarities and differences between two or more similar objects. The use of this method in music appreciation teaching should pay attention to proper material selection and focus, not only should pay attention to the horizontal and vertical connections between similar works, but also should go deep into the background of political, historical, literary, aesthetic and other themes beyond the works. In the search for similarities and differences, to achieve differences in the same effect, the contrast effect of different in the same, give full play to the subjective initiative and creativity of students thinking, so that students in the comparative analysis to understand the different musical themes, genre processing methods, different music The contrast between the home and performer’s creative style and the acoustic effects of different musical instruments excavates their common features and different characteristics, evokes students’ imaginations about related life images and artistic conceptions, and enables students to appreciate the connotation of works and improve their feelings. The ability to appreciate, appreciate, and create the United States serves the purpose of enlightening wisdom, fostering sentiments, enriching emotions, purifying the soul, and cultivating good qualities. First, the comparative appreciation of analog works Simulation is naturally a manifestation of people’s understanding of nature and love of nature. Some of the natural sounds in nature are often directly or approximately simulated by musical compositions, such as horseshoe galloping, wind and water, and lightning.