1944年布雷顿森林体系确立了黄金金本位和固定汇率为支柱的国际货币体系,黄金与美元挂钩下35美元可以兑换1盎司黄金。但特里芬难题导致布雷顿森林体系难逃崩溃命运,美元发生多次信用危机,以美元计价的黄金价格也经历了多次波动。第二次世界大战后美国推行马歇尔计划对西欧和日本进行经济援助,对越作战导致军费支出大增,美国国内经济出现下滑。黄金储备难以维系庞大 In 1944, the Bretton Woods system established the international monetary system with the gold gold standard and the fixed exchange rate as the mainstay. The gold can be exchanged for 1 ounce of gold under the 35 U.S. dollars. However, the Triffin challenge caused the Bretton Woods system to collapse, the credit crisis in the United States and the volatility of the U.S. dollar-denominated gold price. After the Second World War, the United States implemented the Marshall Plan to provide economic aid to Western Europe and Japan. The war on Vietnam led to a sharp increase in military expenditures and a decline in the U.S. domestic economy. Difficult to maintain a huge gold reserves