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金属量子线材料因具有独特的机械、电、磁等特性而具有重要的应用价值,是当今介观物理学研究的前沿领域,已成为基础研究与应用研究的热点。综述了国内外金属量子线材料的制备方法,主要包括机械可控断裂结技术、电化学法、扫描隧道显微镜法等。同时对金属量子线材料的应用做了较为详细的介绍,主要应用包括量子电导原子开关、传感应用等,突出了金属量子线在量子器件研究中的重要作用。最后讨论了金属量子线材料所面临的一些问题,并对该领域的发展方向作出了展望。期望能够提高国内研究者对该领域的研究兴趣,促进该领域的新进展。
Due to its unique mechanical, electrical and magnetic properties, the metal quantum wire material has important application value. It is the frontier field of mesoscopic physics research and has become a hot spot in basic research and applied research. The preparation methods of metal quantum wire materials at home and abroad are reviewed, including mechanically controlled fracture splitting technique, electrochemical method and scanning tunneling microscopy. At the same time, the application of metal quantum wire materials is introduced in detail. The main applications include quantum conductor switch and sensing applications, highlighting the important role of metal quantum wires in the research of quantum devices. Finally, some problems faced by the metal quantum wire materials are discussed, and the prospect of the development in this field is also forecasted. It is hoped that domestic researchers can increase their research interest in this field and promote new progress in this field.