目的了解全民健康生活方式行动示范社区创建对深圳市南山区某社区居民健康生活方式相关知识知晓率的影响。方法 2012年5—7月对南山区某社区居民开展为期3个月的全民健康生活方式示范社区创建活动,内容包括组织管理、环境建设、活动开展以及效果评估4个方面。采用单纯随机抽样法,分别于示范社区创建前后抽取该社区1 560名及1 280名≥8岁的常住居民,用现场面对面问卷调查的方式对居民健康知识知晓情况进行创建前后的效果分析。问卷内容包括健康生活方式、控油限盐、合理运动以及BMI 4个方面的10个问题。结果创建前获得有效问卷1 534份,其中男性729人,女性805人,平均年龄40岁;创建后获得有效问卷1 272份,其中男性619人,女性653人,平均年龄43岁。创建前后抽取的调查人群在性别、年龄等人口学特征上均衡可比(P>0.05),创建后调查人群对健康生活方式知识的总知晓率为57.94%(7 370/12 720),其中10个问题的知晓率在41.35%~76.57%之间,较创建前总知晓率(41.17%,6 316/15 340)有明显提高(P<0.01)。创建后,女性、男性的总知晓率分别为60.17%、55.59%,分别与创建前的42.12%、40.12%相比有明显升高(均P<0.01),其中女性、男性分别有9、6个问题的知识知晓率有明显提高(P<0.05或P<0.01),其中两者不同表现为女性在“不健康生活方式与疾病的关系”、“日行一万步的内涵”以及“身体活动的内涵”方面知识的知晓率明显提高。0~18、19~59以及≥60岁年龄段人群在创建后的总知晓率分别为55.00%、57.15%和68.70%,分别与创建前的19.00%、42.45%和36.74%相比有明显升高(均P<0.01),其中3个年龄组分别有7、8、9个问题的知晓率有明显提高(P<0.05或P<0.01)。结论全民健康生活方式行动示范社区创建提高了该地区居民健康知识的知晓率,应加强≤18岁居民健康知识的宣传教育。 Objective To understand the effect of creating healthy community lifestyle model community on the awareness rate of health lifestyle knowledge in a community resident in Nanshan District, Shenzhen. Methods From May to July 2012, a 3-month model community-wide demonstration of community health lifestyle was conducted for residents of a community in Nanshan District. The activities include organization and management, environmental construction, activity development and effectiveness evaluation. Using simple random sampling method, 1 560 residents and 1280 permanent residents ≥8 years old were selected before and after the establishment of the model community, and the effect of before and after the creation of residents’ health knowledge was analyzed by means of on-site face-to-face questionnaire survey. The questionnaire included 10 questions on 4 aspects of healthy lifestyles, oil control, salt restriction, reasonable exercise and BMI. Results A total of 1 534 valid questionnaires were obtained before establishment, including 729 males and 805 females, with an average age of 40 years. After the establishment, 1,272 valid questionnaires were obtained, including 619 males and 653 females, with an average age of 43 years. Before and after the establishment of the survey, the survey population was balanced with respect to the demographic characteristics such as gender and age (P> 0.05). After the survey was established, the total awareness of healthy lifestyle knowledge among the surveyed population was 57.94% (7 370/12 720), of which 10 The awareness rate of the problems ranged from 41.35% to 76.57%, which was significantly higher than that before the establishment (41.17%, 6 316/15 340) (P <0.01). After the establishment, the total awareness rates of female and male were 60.17% and 55.59%, respectively, which were significantly higher than those of 42.12% and 40.12% before the establishment (all P <0.01). Among them, 9.6 (P <0.05 or P <0.01), of which the difference between the two is that women have a relationship of “unhealthy lifestyles and diseases” and “the content of ten thousand steps per day” As well as “the content of physical activity ” awareness of knowledge was significantly improved. The total awareness rates of 0 ~ 18, 19 ~ 59, and ≥60 years old groups after the establishment were 55.00%, 57.15% and 68.70% respectively, which were significantly higher than those of 19.00%, 42.45% and 36.74% (All P <0.01). The awareness rate of 7, 8 and 9 questions in 3 age groups was significantly higher (P <0.05 or P <0.01). Conclusion The awareness raising rate of residents’ health knowledge in this area has been established by the demonstration community of healthy people’s lifestyle activities, and publicity and education on health knowledge of residents aged less than 18 years should be strengthened.