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断裂带、断层等地质构造属于地质薄弱区,由于侵蚀等作用会形成线状地貌,表现出线性构造(lineament),可以通过遥感影像上的色调变化进行解译,进而了解断裂的空间展布,推测矿产资源的地下分布、判断地质稳定性。利用线段追踪法(Segment Tracing Algorithm,STA),首先以某一遥感像素为中心分若干个方向在给定大小的搜索窗口内搜索像素值的连续性,然后对连续性好的像素应用地质统计学按一定的阈值判定其是否为线素,再根据像素值在该方向上的变化进行脊谷判定,进而按照一定距离和角度标准把判别为山谷的像素连接成线性构造,最后将重复的线素删除,从而实现遥感影像的线性构造识别。从该方法在个旧锡矿遥感影像(DEM)的应用来看,STA识别的线性构造和实测断裂(层)的走向能较好的吻合,与实测断裂(层)之间的对应关系较好,但在线素连接上需要给定人为设置的参数,还需要进一步改进算法。
The geological structures such as fault zone and fault belong to the geological weak area. Due to the action of erosion and the like, linear landforms are formed, showing a linear line, which can be interpreted by the change of color tone on the remote sensing image to understand the spatial distribution of the fracture. Speculate the underground distribution of mineral resources to determine the geological stability. Using the Segment Tracing Algorithm (STA), we first search for the continuity of pixel values in a certain size of the search window in several directions centered on a certain remote sensing pixel, and then apply the geostatistics to the pixels with good continuity According to a certain threshold to determine whether it is a linear element, and then according to changes in pixel values in the direction of the valley decision, and then in accordance with a certain distance and angle criteria to determine the valley pixels connected to a linear structure, and finally the repeated elements Delete, so as to realize the linear structure recognition of remote sensing images. According to the application of DEM in Gejiu Tin Mine, the correspondence between the linear structure recognized by STA and the measured fault (layer) can be well matched and the corresponding relationship with the measured fault (layer) is good, However, the connection of online elements need to be set for a given human parameters, but also need to further improve the algorithm.