本文论述了水稻新品种组培７号的选育过程及生物技术在水稻育种中的应用情况。水稻生物技术育种具有周期短，速度快，节省人力物力等特点。水稻新品种组培７号是我国首次应用体细胞诱变技术选育而成的优质、高产、抗病、耐冷性强的北方粳稻新品种。它标志着我国在水稻体细胞诱变技术育种方面处于领先地位。 This article discusses the breeding process of a new rice variety, tissue culture, and the application of biotechnology in rice breeding. Rice biotechnology breeding has short cycle, high speed, saving manpower and material resources. Rice new cultivar tissue culture 7 is the first high-quality, high-yielding, disease-resistant and cold-tolerant new northern japonica rice in China which was bred by somatic mutation technique. It marks that our country is in a leading position in rice somatic mutation breeding.