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要想在选择中使高产、稳产、优质高度结合在一起，并达到最大选择效率，就必须克服以下因素对遗传力的不良影响；（１）杂合性；（２）竞争及其他各种胁迫；（３）基因与环境工作；（４）土壤异质性。有效地克服上述因素的影响取决于以下几点：（１）保证有丰富的具纯合优势的分离子作为育种材料；（２）表现型要充分表达，并表现出最大差异；（３）采用能将试验项目随机分配在各种生产环境下的试验设计，以便可用综合标准ＣＣ＝Ｘ（Ｘ－ｓ）／ｓ进行无偏估测，并选用较高的选择压。
In order to combine high yield, stable yield and high quality in selection, and achieve the maximum efficiency of selection, we must overcome the following adverse effects on heritability: (1) heterozygosity; (2) competition and other kinds of stress ; (3) Gene and environmental work; (4) Soil heterogeneity. Effectively overcome the above factors depends on the following points: (1) to ensure that there is a rich and pure advantage of the separation of seeds as breeding material; (2) phenotype should be fully expressed and showed the greatest difference; (3) The pilot project can be randomly assigned experimental designs in a variety of production environments for unbiased estimation using the integrated standard CC = X (X-s) / s with higher selection pressures.