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我国的海带苗生产是在循环制冷水中完成,这样可以在自然海水温度下降到20℃以下时提供足够长度的幼苗完成海上养殖过程。为了探究在海带夏苗生产工艺中共用的低温循环水的使用是否会造成品种混杂,在实际生产育苗过程中,将接种雌配子体克隆的苗绳放置在低温循环水系统的育苗池和入水槽处,后期收集苗绳上的后代孢子体,以孤雌生殖孢子体作为对照,进行了形态特征的比较。同时,采用微卫星标记分析方法,以亲本雌配子体作为参照,进行了后代孢子体的基因型分析。结果表明,育苗池和入水槽处收集到的后代孢子体形态正常,这一孢子体群体中除了具有亲本雌配子体的基因片段外,还检测到了外源基因片段,表明为受精孢子体。此项研究证实了在海带夏苗生产工艺中,共用的低温循环水使用的确会造成品种混杂。为防止品种混杂、退化现象的加剧,建议育苗企业建立独立的亲本维护系统,以维持品种的优良性状。
The production of kelp seedlings in our country is done in circulating cooling water, which can provide sufficient length of seedlings to complete the marine breeding process when the natural sea water temperature drops below 20 ℃. In order to explore whether the use of low-temperature circulating water shared in the production process of kelp summer seed could cause variety confusion, the seedling rope inoculated with female gametophyte was placed in the nursery pond and sink of low-temperature circulating water system during the actual production and breeding process In the later stage, the sporozoites were collected from the seedlings and the morphological characteristics were compared with the parthenogenetic sporozoites. At the same time, microsatellite markers were used to analyze the genotypes of the progeny sporozoites from the parent female gametophyte. The results showed that the sporozoites collected from the nursery ponds and into the sink were normal in morphology. In addition to the gene fragments with the female gametophyte body, this spore body group also detected exogenous gene fragments, indicating that it was a fertilized sporophyte. This study confirmed that in the kelp summer seed production process, the common use of low temperature circulating water does indeed cause variety mixed. In order to prevent the varieties from becoming mixed and degenerating, it is suggested that the nursery enterprises establish an independent parental maintenance system so as to maintain the fine traits of the cultivars.