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心肌炎是指因感染或其他原因引起的弥漫性或局灶性心肌间质的炎性细胞浸润和邻近的心肌纤维坏死或退行性变的疾病,是造成婴幼儿和青少年死亡的常见病因之一.病毒感染为主要致病因素,但目前心肌炎的发病机制尚未完全阐明.自噬是一种自我消化的高度保守的过程,在炎症或饥饿状态下能够为细胞提供氨基酸、ATP等物质,帮助过度刺激下的细胞渡过能量危机,它还可以通过清除细胞内的病原体发挥宿主的防御功能;但过度自噬可促进病毒的复制,从而导致自噬性死亡.近年来发现自噬与柯萨奇病毒B3相关的病毒性心肌炎发病过程密切相关.该文将对自噬在心肌炎发病机制中作用进行综述.“,”Myocarditis refers to diffuse or focal inflammatory cell infiltration of the myocardial interstitium and necrosis or degeneration of adjacent myocardial fiber caused by infection or other causes,which is one of the common diseases that cause the death of infants and adolescents.Viral infection is the main pathogenic factor,but the pathogenesis of myocarditis has not yet been fully elucidated.Autophagy is a highly conservative process of self-digestion,which can provide amino acids,ATP and other substances for cells in the state of inflammation or starvation to help cells survive the energy crisis under excessive stimulation.However,excessive autophagy can promote the replication of viruses,which leads to autophagic death.In recent years,some researchers found that autophagy is closely related to the process of viral myocarditis associated with Coxsackie virus B3.The role of autophagy in the pathogenesis of myocarditis is reviewed in this article.