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新生儿的眼睛在解剖、生理上都还没有发育完善,约需一年后才能获得正常的视觉.处在发育时期的婴幼儿,如眼睛发生异常,其表达能力缺乏,所以家长及医务人员需特别注意观察。及时作好婴幼儿常见眼病的防治.先天畸形1、先天性泪道阻塞:先天鼻泪管下口隔膜而至泪道阻塞,经常流泪.可于一岁后作泪道冲洗,加压泪囊部.若仍冲洗不通,再试探泪道,通常此隔膜很薄,轻探即可探通.探通的标志:有突破感;探通后再冲洗,泪道通畅;探通后患儿不再流泪.2、先天性上睑下垂:因提上睑肌薄弱或缺损所致.着上睑睑缘遮盖瞳孔上部1/2以上,则应于一岁以后手术,因手术太晚会影响视网膜的正常发育;若遮盖瞳孔上部1/2以下,则可等长大后再行“提上睑肌缩短术.”
Neonatal eye anatomy and physiology are not well developed, about a year later to get the normal vision. In the development of infants and young children, such as eye abnormalities, the lack of expression, so parents and medical staff need Pay special attention to observation. Timely and good control of common eye diseases in infants and young children 1. Congenital malformation 1, congenital lacrimal duct obstruction: Congenital nasolacrimal duct sublingual septa and lacrimal duct obstruction, often tears .After one year old for lacrimal irrigation, lacrimal sac Department. If it is still unreasonable, and then test the lacrimal duct, usually the diaphragm is thin, light exploration to explore. Proboscis signs: a sense of breakthrough; exploration and then rinse, lacrimal patency; And then shed tears .2, congenital ptosis: due to levator muscle weakness or defect caused by the upper eyelid margins cover the upper half of the pupil, you should be one year old surgery, surgery too late will affect the retina Normal development; if the pupil cover the upper half of the following, you can grow up and then “levator muscle shortening surgery.”