社会保险和保障制度对于工人而言是十分重要的。20世纪70年代苏联历史著作中主流观点认为,19世纪末到20世纪初俄国的工业企业中还没有社会保险和保障机制,这些观点实际上是不客观的。事实上,19世纪70-80年代俄国社会保障制度初露端倪,后来不断发展完善,有些方面甚至超越了立法的规定。一些大企业为生产中发生意外事故的、生病及年迈的工人发放不同形式的补助金和抚恤金。 Social insurance and security systems are very important to workers. The mainstream view of the Soviet Union in the 1970s holds that the view that there is no social insurance and guarantee mechanism among the industrial enterprises in Russia from the late 19th century to the early 20th century is actually not objective. In fact, the social security system in Russia began to show its clues in the 1970s and 80s in the 18th century. Later, its social security system continued to develop and improve. Some areas even exceeded the provisions of the legislation. Some large enterprises issue different forms of grants and pensions for sick and elderly workers in the event of accidents in production.