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肌球蛋白调节性轻链可通过磷酸化调节心肌收缩、肥大、程序性细胞死亡、纤维化和扭转，从而影响心脏功能。虽然肌球蛋白调节性轻链磷酸化的功能和作用机制并不完全清楚，但磷酸化的异常与心脏疾病具有明显相关性。现就肌球蛋白调节性轻链磷酸化的主要功能、作用机制及其在心脏疾病中的研究进展进行综述，为心脏疾病的研究、治疗奠定基础和提供理论依据。“,”Myosin regulatory light chain is a 19 kDa protein containing 160 amino acids and belongs to the EF-hand Ca 2+binding protein superfamily .Previously studies have shown that myosin regulatory light chain could modulate cardiac muscle contraction ,hypertrophy , apoptosis,fibrosis and torsion,which then would affect cardiac function .Although the function and mechanism of the phosphorylation of myo-sin regulatory light chain is not exactly known ,there seems to be a significant correlation between the abnormity of myosin regulatory light chain phosphorylation and cardiac disease .Here the main function and mechanism of myosin regulatory light chain phosphorylation and its re -search progress in cardiac disease are reviewed ,for the sake of laying the foundation and providing a theoretical basis for the research and treatment of cardiac disease .