随着新课程的不断实施和推进,小学教学课堂出现了新的局面,学生的自主学习能力和学习兴趣得到激励,教师的教学效率得到提高。但是同时我们也得看到小学教学中任然存在的不能忽视的一些问题。其中,两极分化的现象最为严峻,是每一位教师和教育家需要思考和解决的问题。本文将以小学数学教学出发,对其两极分化问题的成因和对策进行分析研究。 With the continuous implementation and promotion of the new curriculum, a new situation has emerged in the primary school classroom. Students ’self-learning ability and interest in learning are encouraged, and teachers’ teaching efficiency is improved. But at the same time, we also have to see some problems that can not be neglected in primary education. Among them, the phenomenon of polarization is the most serious one that every teacher and educator needs to think about and solve. This article will proceed with elementary mathematics teaching and analyze the causes and countermeasures of its polarization.