Combined with the second rotary kiln of Alumina Factory in Great Wall Aluminum Company, the mechanics characteristics of statically indeterminate large-scale rotary kiln with variable cross-sections is analyzed. In order to adjusting the runing axis of rotary kiln, taking the force equilibrium of the rollers and the minimum of relative axis deflection as the optimization goal, the multi-objective optimization model of mechanical running conditions of kiln rotary is set up. The mechanical running conditions of the second rotary kiln after multi-objective optimization adjustment are compared with those before adjustment and after routine adjustment. It shows that multi-objective optimization adjustment can make axis as direct as possible and can distribute kiln loads equally.