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为了探明木薯/花生间作在增产增收的同时对土壤微生态的影响,研究木薯和花生以不同行距(30 cm,40 cm,50 cm)间作的根际土壤养分、微生物及相关酶活性的变化。结果表明:木薯/花生间作可增加根际土壤细菌、真菌、放线菌及总微生物数量和微生物多样性,30 cm间作行距的木薯、花生根际土壤微生物总数量分别比单作木薯、花生增加了129.6%和101.1%;间作根际土壤碱解氮、有效磷、有效钾和有机质含量相比单作增加,50 cm间作花生的根际土壤碱解氮、有效磷、有效钾量比单作花生增加了145.9%~195.9%,30 cm间作木薯的根际土壤有效钾、有效磷含量分别比单作木薯增加了161.8%和187.9%;木薯/花生间作的根际土壤过氧化氢酶、酸性磷酸酶活性活性相比单作升高,间作土壤脲酶和蛋白酶活性相比单作降低,30 cm间作木薯的根际土壤过氧化氢酶活性比单作木薯增加了59.2%,50 cm间作花生的根际土壤蔗糖酶活性比单作花生增加了97.4%。可见,木薯/花生间作可改善根际土壤微生态坏境,且适宜的间作行距更利于土壤养分含量和微生物数量的增加。
In order to find out the effects of cassava / peanut intercropping on soil microecology, the changes of nutrient, microbial and related enzymes in rhizosphere of cassava and peanut at different row spacing (30 cm, 40 cm and 50 cm) were studied . The results showed that cassava / peanut intercropping increased rhizosphere soil bacteria, fungi, actinomycetes, total microbial population and microbial diversity. The total number of rhizosphere soil microbes in cassava and peanut at 30 cm intercropping was higher than that in monoculture and peanut respectively Up to 129.6% and 101.1% respectively. The contents of available nitrogen, available phosphorus, available potassium and organic matter in intercropped rhizosphere soils were increased as compared with those in monoculture alone, and the contents of available nitrogen, Peanut increased 145.9% -195.9%, available potassium in rhizosphere soil of intercropped 30 cm, available phosphorus content increased 161.8% and 187.9% respectively compared with single-cropped cassava; rhizosphere soil catalase, acidity The activities of phosphatase were higher than those of single cropping intercropping soil, and the urease and protease activities of intercropping soil were decreased as compared with those of intercropping soil. The activities of catalase in rhizosphere soil increased by 59.2% Rhizosphere soil invertase activity increased by 97.4% compared with monoculture peanut. It can be seen that cassava / peanut intercropping can improve the ecological niche of rhizosphere soil, and the suitable intercrop spacing is more conducive to the increase of soil nutrient content and microbial population.