血清高浓度的脂蛋白（ａ）［Ｌｐ（ａ）］是动脉粥样硬化（ＡＳ）形成的独立危险因素，它与低密度脂蛋白（ＬＤＬ）有许多不同，作为Ｌｐ（ａ）特征性结构的载脂蛋白（ａ）［ａｐｏ（ａ）］与纤维蛋白溶酶原（ｐｌｇ）非常相似，Ｌｐ（ａ）是血脂与纤溶系统之间的桥梁。本文将对Ｌｐ（ａ）的结构、理化特征、基因、代谢、与ＡＳ形成的关系、检测方法及其临床意义等问题作一综述。 Serum high concentrations of lipoprotein (a) [Lp (a)] are independent risk factors for the development of atherosclerosis (AS) and have many differences from low density lipoproteins (LDL) Of apolipoproteins (a) [apo (a)] are very similar to plasminogen (plg), a bridge between lipids and the fibrinolytic system. This article reviews the structure, physicochemical characteristics, gene, metabolism, the relationship with AS formation, detection methods and clinical significance of Lp (a).