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胆管癌可发生在胆管的任何部位,发生于左右肝管分叉处附近胆管者称为肝门部胆管癌,又称Klatskin瘤。癌肿一旦阻塞胆管可引起进行性加重的梗阻性黄疸,易并发胆管炎、肝功能衰竭、胃肠出血和免疫功能损害。目前,虽然在手术治疗技术上已经取得巨大进步,早期患者根治性手术切除率约30％～40％。手术死亡率12％,5年存活率31％,但就诊时大多为中晚期患者,已经失去手术切除肿瘤的时机,仅能采取各种内外引流姑息性手术,而且创伤大、疗效差、并发症多、死亡率高。
Cholangiocarcinoma can occur in any part of the bile duct, occurred in the vicinity of the bifurcation of the liver around the bile duct called hilar cholangiocarcinoma, also known as Klatskin tumor. Once the obstruction of the bile duct can cause progressive aggravating obstructive jaundice, complicated by cholangitis, liver failure, gastrointestinal bleeding and immune dysfunction. At present, although the surgical treatment has made great progress in technology, radical surgery in patients with early rate of about 30% to 40%. Surgical mortality rate of 12%, 5-year survival rate of 31%, but most of the patients in the treatment of advanced patients, have lost the opportunity for surgical removal of the tumor, can only take a variety of internal and external drainage palliative surgery, and trauma, poor efficacy, complications More, the mortality rate is high.