内外科医生的密切合作,内窥镜的广泛应用,使食管、胃与上部小肠出血的诊断与早期治疗更为安全与肯定。新的药物,如Cime ti dine,新的技术,如选择性动脉栓塞术(Selective arterial embolisation),已经证明在有选择的病例上是有效的治疗方法。虽然已取得了这些进展,胃肠道出血依然是一个大的外科问题。曾经测算,在西欧每10万人口中每年有100个病人因上消化道出血而住院。在苏格兰两年间预期的研究表明主要的原因如表Ⅰ。 The close cooperation of surgeons and endoscopists makes the diagnosis and early treatment of esophagus, stomach and upper small intestine more safe and sure. New drugs such as Cimetidine, newer technologies such as Selective arterial embolisation, have proven to be effective treatments in selected cases. Despite these advances, gastrointestinal bleeding remains a major surgical issue. It has been estimated that in Western Europe, 100 patients are hospitalized for upper gastrointestinal bleeding per 100,000 population each year. Anticipated studies in Scotland for two years show that the main reasons are given in Table I.