文章追溯了西方古典建筑理论中居住环境观念的医学根据。西方古代医学理论中有关疾病起因和预防的病原学主要包括体液论和传染理论,它们都对建筑和城市环境的选择和营造产生了深远的影响。前者让建筑师们重视气候、风向、日照和水文环境;后者强调通风和污物的隔离和清除。 The article traces the medical basis of the concept of living environment in Western classical architectural theory. The etiology of the pathogenesis and prevention of diseases in Western ancient medical theories mainly includes theories of humoral and infectious diseases, all of which have far-reaching effects on the selection and construction of buildings and urban environments. The former allows architects to value the climate, wind direction, sunshine and hydrological environment; the latter emphasizes the isolation and removal of ventilation and dirt.