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目的分析探讨咸阳市2005-2014年乙型病毒性肝炎(简称乙肝)流行趋势,为今后预防和控制乙肝提供依据。方法收集2005-2014年咸阳市疾病预防控制信息系统乙肝报告病例个案资料,分析乙肝的流行规律。结果咸阳市2005-2014年共报告乙肝病例56 312例,平均发病年龄为(37.0±16.7)岁,男性发病年龄高于女性;发病率由2005年的192.635 2/10万降低到2014年的51.059 3/10万。男性发病年龄呈现17~21岁、37~41岁2个小高峰;女性发病年龄有1个高峰(21~25岁)。以农民病例为主,无明显季节性,以“本地病例”及“实验室诊断病例”为主。结论咸阳市乙肝发病率呈明显下降趋势,应继续做好乙肝疫苗的接种工作,并加强乙肝防控知识宣传,特别是对农民的健康教育。
Objective To analyze and discuss the epidemic trend of hepatitis B in Xianyang City from 2005 to 2014, and provide evidence for the future prevention and control of hepatitis B. Methods The data of hepatitis B cases reported in Xianyang Municipal Disease Control and Prevention Information System from 2005 to 2014 were collected to analyze the prevalence of hepatitis B. Results A total of 56 312 cases of hepatitis B were reported in Xianyang City between 2005 and 2014, with an average age of onset of (37.0 ± 16.7) years and a higher incidence of male onset than those of females. The incidence of hepatitis B in Xianyang decreased from 192.635 2/10 in 2005 to 51.059 3/10 million. Male onset age showed 17 to 21 years old, 37 to 41 years old 2 small peak; women age of onset has a peak (21 to 25 years old). The main case of peasant, no significant seasonal, “local cases ” and “laboratory diagnosis ” based. Conclusions The incidence of hepatitis B in Xianyang City has shown a significant downward trend. Vaccination of hepatitis B vaccine should be continued, and publicity on prevention and control of hepatitis B should be strengthened, especially for farmers’ health education.