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地层品质因子Q的可用于地震资料高分辨率处理,而从VSP资料下行直达波更容易获取准确的地层品质因子。通过对零偏移距VSP资料的监控子波和下行初至波的频谱进行综合分析,仿照Ricker子波频谱的表达式,本文提出了震源子波频谱新的表达式。在震源子波频谱新的表达式基础上,我们介绍了改进的频谱拟合法和改进的谱比法的层Q值反演方法及相应的处理流程。基于本文提出的层Q值反演方法,利用实际的零偏移距VSP资料的下行直达波,反演稳定的层Q值,并用于零偏移距VSP资料及井旁地面地震资料的反Q滤波振幅补偿处理,提高了地震资料的分辨率。
The formation quality factor Q can be used for high-resolution seismic data processing, and the accurate formation quality factor can be obtained more easily from the direct wave downlink of VSP data. Through the comprehensive analysis of the monitoring wavelets of the zero-offset VSP data and the downlink first-arrival wave spectrum, a new expression of the source wavelet spectrum is proposed in this paper according to the expression of the Ricker wavelet spectrum. Based on the new expression of the wavelet spectrum of the source wavelet, we introduce the improved method of spectral fitting and the method of layer-Q inversion of the improved spectral ratio method and the corresponding processing flow. Based on the Q-inversion method proposed in this paper, the stable Q value of the layer is retrieved by using the actual direct-wave with zero-offset VSP data and applied to the zero-offset VSP data and the inverse Q Filter amplitude compensation processing, improve the resolution of seismic data.