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目的了解深圳市龙岗区病毒性腹泻的病原学特征,为腹泻防治提供科学依据。方法采用实时荧光定量聚合酶链反应(real-time PCR)对2010-2015年深圳市龙岗区疑似腹泻患者粪便标本同时进行轮状病毒、诺如病毒、星状病毒和肠道腺病毒四种常见腹泻病毒的核酸检测。结果共检测2 132份粪便,检出593例阳性标本,总阳性率为27.81%;四种病毒阳性检出率顺序依次为诺如病毒(52.28%)、轮状病毒(39.29%)、星状病毒(5.06%)和肠道腺病毒(3.37%)。不同年间阳性检出率差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。诺如病毒全年均有发病,分别在春秋季呈两个高峰期,轮状病毒冬春季高发,星状病毒和肠道腺病毒检出率低,以散发为主。结论深圳市龙岗区2010-2015年病毒性腹泻患者以诺如病毒和轮状病毒感染率较高,应加强该地区病毒性腹泻的病原学监测。
Objective To understand the etiological characteristics of viral diarrhea in Longgang District, Shenzhen and provide a scientific basis for prevention and treatment of diarrhea. Methods Real-time quantitative PCR (real-time PCR) was used to detect four common types of rotavirus, norovirus, astrovirus and enterovirus in stool specimens of patients with suspected diarrhea in Longgang District of Shenzhen City from 2010 to 2015 Diarrhea virus nucleic acid detection. Results A total of 2 132 stool samples were detected, and 593 positive samples were detected with a positive rate of 27.81%. The positive detection rates of four viruses were Norovirus (52.28%), rotavirus (39.29%), stellate Virus (5.06%) and enteric adenovirus (3.37%). The positive detection rate in different years was significantly different (P <0.05). Norovirus incidence all year round, respectively, in spring and autumn were two peaks, rotavirus in winter and spring high incidence of astrovirus and enteric adenovirus detection rate is low, with the main distribution. Conclusion The prevalence of norovirus and rotavirus in patients with viral diarrhea in Longgang District of Shenzhen City during 2010-2015 is high, and the etiological surveillance of viral diarrhea should be strengthened in this area.