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一、问题的提出球形多面体卫星采用自旋稳定方式,星上有微波10厘米信标和5厘米应答系统。根据技术要求,信标发射天线和应答收、发天线均应为全向性辐射。欲使方向图均匀,像美国“电星(Telstar)”那样,就需在卫星赤道腰带上装置10厘米右旋圆极化天线40个,5厘米左旋、右旋圆极化收、发天线各80个。这样,天线共200个,造成馈电系统密如蛛网,加工工艺和电性调试均极为复杂;天线系统的体积和重量之大,也是总体所不允许的。采用4个隙缝式天线元,使每个元在子午面内方向图甚宽,而在赤道面内相邻元之辐射有部分重叠,则能获得较均匀的全向辐射。于是,10厘米天线4个、5厘米收发天线各4个,共12个,均匀布置于卫星赤道腰带。
I. PROBLEM PROBLEMS Spherical polyhedral satellites adopt a spin-stable mode with a microwave 10 cm beacon and a 5 cm response system on the star. According to the technical requirements, the beacon transmitting antenna and the receiving antenna should be omni-directional radiation. To make the pattern uniform, like the United States “Telstar”, it is necessary to equip the satellite equator belt with 10 cm right circular polarization antenna 40 cm, 5 cm left and right hand circular polarization receiver antenna 80. In this way, a total of 200 antennas, resulting in dense feeding system as cobwebs, processing technology and electrical debugging are extremely complex; antenna system size and weight, but also generally not allowed. With 4 slot antenna elements, each element has a wide pattern in the meridional plane, while the adjacent element radiation in the equatorial plane partially overlaps, so that a more uniform omnidirectional radiation can be obtained. As a result, four 10 cm antennas and four 5 cm transmitting and receiving antennas each in total of 12 are uniformly arranged on the satellite equator belt.