疾疫灾害是疫菌大规模流行对人类健康和生命造成直接危害的顶级灾害。作为中国重疫区的湖北省在民国时期因社会动乱和自然环境异动,城市疾疫灾害无论是数量上和频度上,还是在分布区域上均比以前和增长迅速。江汉平原城市是当时湖北最主要的流行区并且疾疫灾害在时间分布上呈现出由季节性向经常性发展的趋势。湖北城市疾疫在时空分布上发生历史性的变迁,极大地增加了城市疾疫灾害防治的难度,从而阻碍了湖北城市的发展。 Epidemic plague is the top disaster that plague the pandemic to cause direct harm to human health and life. As a disease-stricken area in China, due to social unrest and natural environment changes in Hubei Province during the Republic of China, urban disease epidemic was more and more frequent and in both distribution and quantity. The city of Jianghan Plain was the main epidemic area in Hubei at that time and the epidemic period showed a trend of seasonal to recurring trends. The historic changes in the spatial distribution of urban epidemic in Hubei Province have greatly increased the difficulty of prevention and treatment of urban epidemic diseases and hindered the development of Hubei cities.