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为研究人为活动等因素对近海海水成分和海洋环境的影响,本文使用离子色谱(IC)和电感耦合等离子体质谱技术(ICP-MS)分别对上海沿海(洋山)海域海水中的主要成分和43种微量元素含量进行了分析。通过钠度和富集因子等参数将测量值与全球海水平均值进行了比较分析。结果显示:上海近海海水受长江等陆地河流的冲淡作用,主成分浓度整体下降,但主成分之间的比例变化不大;人为活动对近海海水微量元素的含量有显著影响,在海水被冲淡的背景下,40种所测微量元素发生不同程度的富集,富集的可能来源有海事航运活动、沿海及长江流域工业废弃物排放及沿海河流水土流失等。
In order to study the influence of human activities and other factors on the seawater composition and the marine environment in the coastal waters, the main components of the seawater in the coastal areas of Shanghai (Yangshan) and the main components in seawater were analyzed by ICP-MS and ICP- 43 kinds of trace elements were analyzed. The measured values are compared with the global average of seawater by parameters such as sodium content and enrichment factor. The results showed that the coastal seawater in Shanghai was diluted by the terrestrial rivers such as the Yangtze River, the main component concentrations decreased overall, but the proportion of the main components changed little. The anthropogenic activities had a significant effect on the trace elements in offshore seawater. In the background, 40 kinds of trace elements may have different levels of enrichment, and the possible sources of enrichment include maritime shipping activities, industrial waste discharge along the coast and the Yangtze River, and soil erosion of coastal rivers.