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本文提出了一种水深和声速为常量的通用图,其中距离和频率是对水深的标量。描述了五个声传播区域;球面扩展区,柱面扩展区,由于简正波的剥离而形成的3/2规律扩展区,单一简正波区和海底路径区。利用一种考虑到各种边界损失的能流方法对传输损失的公式作了很简单的推导,与实验的声强——距离曲线作了比较,也同独立测出的声线角度作了比较,或者说是同箭正波运送能量的有效性作了比较。看来简单的公式是有意义和有用的。作为认识问题的响导尤其如此。当然还有许多重要的附加效应、例如由鱼引起的衰减。为此均按项列出。把浅海同深海的情况相比较、这些效应有所差别。在包括任意深度剖面的倾斜海底上对简正波剥离作了专门的分析。
This paper presents a general map of water depths and sound velocities as constants, where distance and frequency are scalar quantities of water. Five acoustic propagation regions are described; a spherical extension, a cylindrical extension, a 3/2 regular extension due to normal stripping, a simple normal-wave zone and a seafloor zone. A simple derivation of the formula for transmission loss using an energy flow method that takes into account various boundary losses is compared with the experimental sound intensity-distance curve and also with the independently measured sound ray angles , Or compared with the effectiveness of the arrows in delivering energy. It seems a simple formula is meaningful and useful. This is especially true as a ringtone for understanding problems. Of course there are many important additional effects, such as those caused by fish. All items are listed accordingly. The effects of the shallow sea versus the deep sea are different. A special analysis of normal-dip-stripping has been performed on sloped seabed, including any depth profile.