宋代地方社会中的精英阶层,承袭了先秦以降之“乡三老”制,却在国家政权与普通民众之间发挥了更为重要的主导作用。宋代江右发达的经济、浓厚的文风以及勃兴的人才,给地方精英参与民间办学提供了良好的基础。虽然他们参与办学动机各异,但在借此实现自身价值及推动地域文化发展的同时,与地方社会产生了良好互动。 In the Song Dynasty, the elites in local society inherited the system of “three elders of the country” in the pre-Qin period, but played an even more important leading role between the state power and ordinary people. The well-developed economy, strong literary style and thriving talent in the Song Dynasty, provided a good foundation for local elites to participate in private schools. Although they have different motivations for running schools, they have enjoyed good interaction with local communities while realizing their own values ​​and promoting the development of regional culture.