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【目的】分析重庆市5岁以下儿童伤害死亡率的变化趋势和相关因素,找出伤害死亡的特点,提出预防和控制措施。【方法】数据来源于重庆市2003~2007年儿童死亡监测资料,描述伤害死亡率及年龄、性别、城乡分布,分析伤害造成的潜在寿命损失。【结果】5岁以下儿童伤害死亡占死亡总数的23.04%,近年来有显著下降趋势,总的标化死亡率为70.94/105,乡村高于城镇。溺水、意外窒息和交通伤害分列死亡原因前三位。不同死亡原因有明显的季节和年龄差别。伤害死亡致儿童平均潜在寿命损失为71.86年,潜在寿命损失率为52.35‰。【结论】重庆市儿童伤害死亡有明显的特点,应通过政府主导、社会动员、健康教育、环境改造、技能训练和监测评估等有效措施来预防和控制儿童伤害。
【Objective】 To analyze the change trend and related factors of injury mortality rate of children under 5 years old in Chongqing, find out the characteristics of injury death and put forward prevention and control measures. 【Methods】 The data are from the data of child death monitoring in Chongqing from 2003 to 2007, describing the mortality rate, age, sex, urban-rural distribution and the potential loss of life caused by injury. 【Results】 Injury deaths accounted for 23.04% of the total number of deaths among children under 5 years of age, with a significant downward trend in recent years. The total standardized death rate was 70.94 / 105, and the rural area was higher than that of urban areas. Drowning, accidental suffocation and traffic injuries were the top three causes of death. Different causes of death have obvious seasonal and age differences. The average potential loss of life lost to injury death was 71.86 years, with a potential loss of life expectancy of 52.35 ‰. 【Conclusion】 There are obvious characteristics of child injury death in Chongqing. Prevention and control of child injury should be implemented through such effective measures as government-led, social mobilization, health education, environmental reform, skills training and monitoring and evaluation.