肛管直肠周围腺癌是一种少见疾病。它发生在肛管直肠周围组织中,病理学持点是病变(腺癌)位于直肠粘膜外区。组织发生可能来源于肛腺导管,故亦称之肛肠导管癌。本文介绍在肛管直肠周周中发生腺癌的解剖学和组织学基础;然后结合四例病例报导,重点谈谈对于直肠后窝腺癌的临床诊断和治疗的经验体会。 Anorectal adenocarcinoma is a rare disease. It occurs in the rectum around the anal canal. The pathological holding is the lesion (adenocarcinoma) located outside the rectal mucosa. The occurrence of tissue may originate from anal ducts, so it is also known as anorectal duct cancer. This article describes the anatomic and histological basis of adenocarcinoma in the anal canal around the rectum; then combined with four case reports, focused on the experience of clinical diagnosis and treatment of rectal adenocarcinoma.