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1.“by+v.ing”在句子中作方式状语，表示“以；靠；借助；通过；用（某种方法或手段）”而达到某种预期的目的。提问by引导的方式状语常用疑问副词how。Do you learn English by watching English movies? 你通过看英文电影来学习英语吗?
2.表示“靠近；在……旁边”。I live by the river.我住在小河的旁边。
3.表示“经过”。I go by the post office every day on my way to school.我每天上学的路上都经过那个邮局。
4.表示“根据；依照”。What’s the time by your watch? 你的表几点了？
5.表示“在……之前；不迟于”。He will come back by eight this afternoon.他将在今天下午八点之前回来。6.表示“被； 由（常用于被动语态动词之后）”。 Football is played by people all over the world.世界各地的人们都踢足球。
7.常见短语：by the end of 到……结束时
We will try to finish our work by the end of the month.我们会尽量在月底前完成工作。
one by one一个一个地
The students came into the classroom one by one.学生们一个一个进了教室。
by accident偶然
I met him in the street by accident.我在街上偶然遇到了他。
by the way顺便提一下
By the way，did you see Tom today? 顺便问一下，你今天看见汤姆了吗?
little by little 逐渐地；一点一点地
Little by little he got used to the life there.他渐渐习惯了那儿的生活。
8.快速辨析：
“by+名词”表示“用某种交通工具或用某种方式”。
Do you go to work by bus or by bike? 你平时上班坐公交车还是骑自行车？
“with +名词”表示“用某种工具和自身的某种器官”。
I won’t believe it until I see it with my own eyes.直到我亲眼看到我才相信。
“in+名词”表示“用某种材料或语言”。
Can you sing this song in English? 你能用英语演唱这首歌曲吗？
强化训练
根据汉语提示完成句子。
1.Ioften learn English_____________(通过小组合作).
2.I saw him sitting_____________(在湖边) this morning.
3.My mother went to Paris _____________(坐飞机) last week.
4._____________（顺便问一下），which is your favorite subject?
5._____________(到上个月底)，he had written over one thousand pieces of music.
6.He makes a living _____________(靠写作).
7.You can divide the task into several parts and then finish it_____________(逐一地).
8.He can draw pictures _____________(用他的左手).
9.How long have you been writing _____________(用日语)?
10.It takes him twenty minutes to go to school _____________(骑车).
2.表示“靠近；在……旁边”。I live by the river.我住在小河的旁边。
3.表示“经过”。I go by the post office every day on my way to school.我每天上学的路上都经过那个邮局。
4.表示“根据；依照”。What’s the time by your watch? 你的表几点了？
5.表示“在……之前；不迟于”。He will come back by eight this afternoon.他将在今天下午八点之前回来。6.表示“被； 由（常用于被动语态动词之后）”。 Football is played by people all over the world.世界各地的人们都踢足球。
7.常见短语：by the end of 到……结束时
We will try to finish our work by the end of the month.我们会尽量在月底前完成工作。
one by one一个一个地
The students came into the classroom one by one.学生们一个一个进了教室。
by accident偶然
I met him in the street by accident.我在街上偶然遇到了他。
by the way顺便提一下
By the way，did you see Tom today? 顺便问一下，你今天看见汤姆了吗?
little by little 逐渐地；一点一点地
Little by little he got used to the life there.他渐渐习惯了那儿的生活。
8.快速辨析：
“by+名词”表示“用某种交通工具或用某种方式”。
Do you go to work by bus or by bike? 你平时上班坐公交车还是骑自行车？
“with +名词”表示“用某种工具和自身的某种器官”。
I won’t believe it until I see it with my own eyes.直到我亲眼看到我才相信。
“in+名词”表示“用某种材料或语言”。
Can you sing this song in English? 你能用英语演唱这首歌曲吗？
强化训练
根据汉语提示完成句子。
1.Ioften learn English_____________(通过小组合作).
2.I saw him sitting_____________(在湖边) this morning.
3.My mother went to Paris _____________(坐飞机) last week.
4._____________（顺便问一下），which is your favorite subject?
5._____________(到上个月底)，he had written over one thousand pieces of music.
6.He makes a living _____________(靠写作).
7.You can divide the task into several parts and then finish it_____________(逐一地).
8.He can draw pictures _____________(用他的左手).
9.How long have you been writing _____________(用日语)?
10.It takes him twenty minutes to go to school _____________(骑车).