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表土地压是指表土地层施于井壁上的侧压力,是地层中水和土综合作用的结果。立井厚表土层地压的大小和井壁受力规律,是深井设计和施工急待解决的重要课题。 我国新开发的煤炭基地,如两淮、兖州、丰沛等矿区,均被松软含水的第四纪厚表土层所复盖,其厚度一般为二、三百米,有的厚达八百米之多,立井施工均需采用特殊凿井法。由于表土厚、井型大、井筒深、直径粗,给建井工作带来了新的问题,如井壁的结构和设计、冻结壁的设计等等。这些问题能否合理解决,在一定程度上取决于对厚表土层地压的正确掌
Topsoil pressure is the lateral pressure exerted by the topsoil on the borehole wall and is the result of the combined effect of water and soil in the formation. It is an important issue urgently needed to solve the design and construction of deep well that the vertical and horizontal thick strata pressure and shaft wall stress law of vertical well thick. Newly developed coal bases in China, such as the Lianghuai, Yanzhou and Fengbei mining areas, are covered by thick and water-rich Quaternary thick topsoil, generally of two or three hundred meters in thickness and some of eight hundred meters thick Many, vertical shaft construction require special drilling method. As the topsoil is thick, the well type is large, the wellbore is deep and the diameter is coarse, which brings new problems to the well construction work, such as the structure and design of the shaft wall, the design of the frozen wall, and the like. Whether these problems can be reasonably solved depends, to a certain extent, on the correct palm pressure on thick soils