一、标准手术与扩大手术?1.标准手术为伴有第一站淋巴结廓清的胰切除术。2.扩大手术为伴有第一站及第二站以上淋巴结廓清的胰切除术,或包括第一站淋巴结廓清和胰腺周围脏器(或组织)的广泛胰切除术。胰腺周围脏器(或组织)是指受癌直接浸润波及的肾、肾上腺、结肠、血管及神经等。二、治愈切除与非治愈切除?1.肉眼上:将切除术分成4个阶段。(1)治愈切除:a.绝对治愈切除,b.相对治愈切 First, the standard surgery and the expansion of surgery? 1. The standard surgery is pancreatic resection with first-stage lymph node clearance. 2. Extended surgery is a pancreatic resection with lymph node dissection at the first station and beyond, or an extensive pancreatic resection of lymph nodes and pancreatic organs (or tissues). Peripheral organs (or tissues) refer to the kidneys, adrenal glands, colon, blood vessels, and nerves that are directly infiltrated by cancer. Second, the cure and non-healing resection? 1. On the naked eye: the resection is divided into 4 stages. (1) Healing and resection: a. Absolute cure and resection, b. Relative cure and cut