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现代社会容许法官自由裁量权的存在,自然也就不可能排斥法院政策形成功能的发挥。在现代西方国家,法院行使公共政策制定功能的方式主要有两种,即违宪审查和创造判例。法院的公共政策形成功能涉及的不仅仅是对独立的争议的解决,同时,其对政府所面临的政治和社会问题也有很深的影响力。随着司法能动主义的兴起,域外法院越来越成为公共政策的执行机构或公共政策的制定机构。
In modern society, the existence of discretion of judges is naturally impossible to exclude the function of court policy formation. In modern western countries, there are mainly two ways for courts to exercise their functions in formulating public policies, namely, review of the constitution and creation of precedents. The function of the court’s public policy formation involves not only the settlement of independent disputes, but also its influence on the political and social problems that the government faces. With the rise of judicial activism, extraterritorial courts have increasingly become the implementing agencies of public policies or the institutions of public policy formulation.