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堆焊有带极堆焊和手工堆焊两种,堆焊层常见的缺陷有气孔、针孔、夹渣、裂纹及未熔合等。夹渣、未熔合等缺陷大多平行于堆焊层表面,一般以纵波探伤为主。但是,堆焊层厚度一般在10mm以下,若直接从堆焊层表面用普通直探头进行探伤,由于近场长、盲区大而无法取得良好效果。为了有效地发现堆焊层中的缺陷,特别是奥氏体不锈钢堆焊层,宜采用盲区小、能量集中的双晶直探头,见附图。
Surfacing with a very hard surfacing and hand surfacing are two kinds of surfacing common defects are stomata, pinholes, slag, cracks and unmelted. Slag inclusions, fuses and other defects are mostly parallel to the surfacing layer surface, generally longitudinal wave testing. However, the thickness of the surfacing layer is generally less than 10mm. If the testing is performed by an ordinary straight probe directly from the surface of the surfacing layer, the blind spot can not be obtained well due to the near field length. In order to effectively find defects in surfacing layer, especially austenitic stainless steel surfacing layer, the blind spot should be used, the energy concentrated double crystal straight probe, see the accompanying drawings.