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本文以抽样技术理论为基础，系统地分析了几种常用的抽样方法及各自的设计效果。结合汽车运输的特点以及公路运输行业管理要求，选择并确定了汽车运输抽样调查方法．该方法（分层随机抽样）在交通部１９９３年向全国颁布的＂汽车运输抽样方案＂中得以体现。为使全国交通部门在推行新方案中理解和掌握其理论依据，特撰写此文。
Based on the sampling technology theory, this paper systematically analyzes several commonly used sampling methods and their respective design effects. Combined with the characteristics of the automobile transport and the management requirements of the road transport industry, the method of sample survey of the automobile transport was selected and determined. This method (stratified random sampling) is reflected in the Ministry of Transportation’s “Sampling Scheme for Motor Transport” promulgated nationwide in 1993. In order to enable the national transportation department to understand and master its theoretical basis in the implementation of the new program, he wrote this article.