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目的了解广西和云南贫困地区父母外出打工对留守儿童营养不良情况的影响。方法问卷调查广西乐业县与云南寻甸县1519名学生及其家长,了解学生一般情况、饮食摄入情况及父母打工情况、家庭经济情况等。将父母中有一人及以上外出打工的学生判定为留守学生。通过体检及实验室检查了解学生生长迟缓、消瘦、贫血、佝偻病后遗症及严重营养不良情况。结果 44.0%的学生为留守学生。非留守学生的生长迟缓、贫血、佝偻病后遗症等患病率均高于留守学生。控制学生年龄、性别、膳食摄入,父母体质指数、职业、文化程度和收入等因素后,留守与否对生长迟缓率、消瘦率、佝偻病后遗症发生率、贫血率与严重营养不良率的影响无统计学意义。结论广西和云南贫困地区小学生的营养状况与其留守与否无直接关联。
Objective To understand the impact of parents’ migrant workers in poor areas of Guangxi and Yunnan on malnutrition of left-behind children. Methods A total of 1519 students and their parents in Leye County, Guangxi Province and Xundian County of Yunnan Province were surveyed to find out the general situation, dietary intake, working conditions of their parents and family economics. Students who have one or more of their parents who go out for work are judged as left-behind students. Through physical examination and laboratory tests to understand students with growth retardation, weight loss, anemia, rickets sequelae and severe malnutrition. Results 44.0% of the students were left-behind students. The non-staying students’ growth retardation, anemia, rickets sequelae and other prevalence were higher than those of left-behind students. The effects of staying behind or not on growth retardation, wasting rate, incidence of sequelae of rickets, anemia and severe malnutrition after controlling for factors such as age, sex, dietary intake, parental body mass index, occupation, educational level and income Statistical significance. Conclusion The nutritional status of pupils in poor areas in Guangxi and Yunnan is not directly related to their nutritional status.