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目的:为临床提供青少年关节突及椎管相关的解剖学测量数据。方法:年龄在14～19岁(平均16.5岁)25例原配完整的胸腰椎(T1～L5)标本,分别测量上关节突内缘中点间距、下关节突内缘中点间距、下关节突根部外缘宽度、椎弓根内缘间距和椎管前后径,并与成人数据比较。结果:上、下关节突间距、椎弓根内缘间距和上关节突内缘间距/椎弓根内缘间距由上到下都呈两边高中间低的“马鞍形”变化趋势而椎孔前后径呈逐渐上升的趋势;上关节突内缘中点间距与下关节突内缘间距相关系数为0.92,下关节突内缘间距与下关节突根部外缘间宽度相关系数为0.83。结论:14～19岁青少年以上测量数据与成人数据均无显著性差异,并有一定的变化规律,为临床青少年脊柱椎管狭窄的诊断和治疗提供一定参考;上关节突内缘中点间距总是小于椎弓根内缘间距,中、下胸段椎弓根螺钉间距要小于上胸段和腰段。
OBJECTIVE: To provide anatomical data related to adolescent articular process and spinal canal for clinical use. Methods: Twenty-five intact thoracolumbar vertebrae (T1 ~ L5) aged from 14 to 19 years old (average 16.5 years old) were enrolled in this study. The midpoint of the medial border of the superior articular process, the midpoint of the medial border of the inferior articular process, Width of root margin, distance between pedicle inner margin and anteroposterior diameter of vertebral canal, and compared with the adult data. Results: The distance between the superior and inferior articular processes, the distance between the pedicle and the inner edge of the pedicle of the superior articular process / the distance between the pedicle and the medial border of the pedicle were all “low” and “saddle-shaped” The correlation coefficient between the medial distance of the superior articular process and the medial border of the inferior articular process was 0.92. The correlation coefficient between the medial border of the inferior articular process and the width of the medial border of the inferior articular process was 0.83. CONCLUSION: There is no significant difference between the data of 14 ~ 19-year-old adolescents and the adult data, and there is a certain variation law for adolescent spinal canal stenosis diagnosis and treatment to provide some reference; Is less than the distance between the pedicle, mid and lower thoracic pedicle screw spacing less than the upper thoracic and lumbar.