1958年,美国的阿姆斯特朗兄弟首先报道了棉花枯萎镰刀菌的第1号和第2号两个小种。其后他们在埃及和印度发现第3号和第4号小种,1966年依不拉伊姆在苏丹发现第5号小种,1978和1980年,阿姆斯特朗又在巴西和巴拉圭发现第6号小种。迄今为止,在世界上已报道的棉枯萎镰刀菌有六个生理小种,它们具有明显的地理分布,致病性也有差异。1983年卡普曼专门研究了第1号和第2号两个生理小种在美国的分布及其为害情况。我国自1972年以来,对我国棉花枯萎镰刀菌的生理型做过广泛研究,但因为所采用的鉴别寄主只限于海岛棉、陆地棉和中棉三大棉种,没有应用非棉属鉴别寄主,所以难于同世界上报告的结论相比较,当然也无法确定这些棉枯萎菌的生理型是否包含已经报道的六个生理小种。这对掌握我国病原菌的情况、开展棉花抗病育种研究以及引进国外种质资源等都是不利的,在许多情况下,甚至是盲目的。为解决这些问题、我们首先自国外引入当前研究 In 1958, Armstrong Brothers in the United States first reported two races of Fusarium oxysporum f. They later found the third and fourth races in Egypt and India, the no. 5 raccoon in Sudan in 1966, and the no. 6 in Brazil and Paraguay in 1978 and 1980 Species. So far, the world has reported cotton Fusarium oxysporum has six physiological races, they have obvious geographical distribution, pathogenicity is also different. In 1983, Capman specializes in the distribution of the two race pairs No. 1 and No. 2 in the United States and their harmful effects. Since 1972, our country has conducted extensive research on the physiological types of Fusarium solani in cotton in our country. However, because the host used for identification is limited to three varieties of cotton, land and cotton, Therefore, it is difficult to compare with the conclusions reported in the world, and it is of course impossible to determine whether the physiological types of these Fusarium oxysporum genomes contain the six reported physiological races. It is unfavorable for us to grasp the situation of pathogenic bacteria in our country, to carry out research on cotton breeding for disease resistance and to introduce foreign germplasm resources, and in many cases, even blind. To solve these problems, we first introduce the current research from abroad