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为了解涡环旋转伞的减速导旋特性,提高旋转伞系统的减速导旋效率,以满足某些载物工作状态对转速、落速的苛刻需求,设计一种由涡环旋转伞和圆形减速伞构成的组合伞系统。制作单伞系统和组合伞系统的试验模型,分别进行伞塔试验。基于伞塔试验的高速摄影和图像处理技术,提取伞物系统的弹道数据点,结合弹道模型,用最小二乘法拟合时间弹道数据,得到单伞系统和组合伞系统的极限速度和阻力特征。基于姿态存储测量法,获得伞物系统的转速变化规律。对单伞系统和组合伞系统的弹道规律及减速导旋效率等数据进行对比分析,提出可有效提高旋转伞系统转速落速比的方法。结果表明:对高速录像进行图像处理可简单快速有效地提取伞物系统的极限速度和阻力特征;单具涡环旋转伞可提供更大扭矩,使载物旋转加速度更大,其导旋效率高;组合伞可提供更大阻力,使载物极限落速更低,其减速效率高;组合伞系统的转速落速比更大,整体性能优于单伞系统。
In order to understand the characteristics of deceleration guide of vortex ring rotating umbrella and improve the decelerating guide efficiency of the rotating umbrella system, in order to meet the harsh demand of rotating speed and falling speed of some loading working conditions, Parachute combination umbrella system. Making single umbrella system and combined umbrella system test model, respectively, the parapet test. Based on the high-speed photography and image processing technology of the parapet test, the trajectory data points of the umbrella system are extracted, and the trajectory data of the umbrella system are extracted. The trajectory data of the umbrella system and the combined parachute system are obtained by least-square method. Based on the attitude storage measurement method, the change rule of the speed of the umbrella system is obtained. The contrastive analysis of the ballistic law and the guide efficiency of deceleration of single umbrella system and combined umbrella system is put forward. The method of improving the falling speed ratio of rotating umbrella system is put forward. The results show that the speed and resistance characteristics of the umbrella system can be extracted simply and quickly by using the image processing of the high-speed video recording. The single rotating vortex ring can provide more torque and make the rotating acceleration of the carrier larger, and its guide efficiency is high ; Combined umbrella can provide more resistance, so that the object lower landing speed lower deceleration efficiency; combination of umbrella speed shed more than the system, the overall performance is superior to the single umbrella system.