一、欧洲书业形成的客观条件(一)普及教育与大学的兴起如果说基督教在漫长的中世纪曾淀积过一份使后世受益的遗产的话,那就是它通过教会提供了罗马共和国所缺少的东西——一套民众教育的体系、几所大学和知识交流的方法。由于这一成就,它打开了通向人类管理自己的新的可能性的道路。早期的大学就是从修道院直接派生出来的。教授们往往是修道院图书馆的硕学大师,许多学生长途跋涉,周游四方,择师而从。这 I. Objective Conditions for the Formation of European Book Industry 1. Popularization of Education and the Rising of Universities If Christianity had deposited a heritage that would benefit future generations in the long Middle Ages, it provided the Church with the information that the Roman Republic lacks Things - a system of mass education, several universities and methods of knowledge exchange. As a result of this achievement, it opened the way to new possibilities for humanity to manage itself. The early college was derived directly from the monastery. Professors are often master masters of the abbey library, many of whom travel long distances, travel around the world, and choose from. This