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各种危险因素（如年龄的增长、糖尿病、高血压、动脉硬化及脑卒中）均可导致血管性痴呆的形成。脂联素是一种由脂肪组织分泌的蛋白质类激素，主要存在于循环血液中，具有潜在的抗炎、改善内皮功能、抗动脉硬化及抗糖尿病的作用；脂联素还可通过大脑中胰岛素信号的转导来参与认知功能的调节。随着对脂联素研究的进一步深入及其作用机制的不断揭示，其有望成为一种有效的新型生物标志物用于血管性痴呆的早期诊断及临床治疗。“,”Vascular dementia is caused by various factors,including increased age,diabetes,hyperten-sion,atherosclerosis,and stroke.Adiponectin is a protein hormone released by the adipose tissue,which mainly exists in the circulation and has the potential to improve endothelial function ,anti-inflammatory,anti-athero-sclerosis and anti-diabetic effects;Moreover,adiponectin is involved in cognitive dysfunction via modulation of insulin signal transduction in the brain.With the further study of adiponectin and its mechanism of action,it is expected to be an effective new biomarker for early diagnosis and clinical treatment of vascular dementia .