小儿的语声可反映健康或有病。临床医师或家长往往忽视小儿语声的改变,延误诊治时间,可引起严重并发症。因此,要不失时机地予以鉴别。语声改变的原因如下。一、神经功能紊乱凡病变在皮质神经元、皮质轴突、神经核和运动神经元都可致成。病变在皮质神经元者有核黄疸,脑白质营养不良和代谢性储存缺陷等;在皮质轴突者有进行性苍白球退变综合征(Hallerverdin-Spatz syndrome),多发性硬化症和慢性舞蹈病等;在神经核者有假性延髓麻痹、延髓空洞症、多发性神经炎、脑炎后综合征(postencephalitic syndrome)、和颅底外伤等;在运动神经元者有中毒、肉中毒、重 Children’s voice can reflect the health or illness. Clinicians or parents often ignore the changes in children’s voice, delay in treatment time, can cause serious complications. Therefore, we must identify with no loss of opportunity. The reason for the voice change is as follows. First, neurological disorders where lesions in cortical neurons, cortical axons, neurons and motor neurons can be induced. Lesions in the cortical neurons are nuclear jaundice, white matter malnutrition and metabolic storage defects; in cortical axons with progressive globus pallidus syndrome (Hallerverdin-Spatz syndrome), multiple sclerosis and chronic chorea , Etc .; in the nucleus have pseudobulbar paralysis, medulla oblongata, polyneuritis, postencephalitic syndrome, and skull base trauma; in motor neurons were poisoned, meat poisoning, weight