一、序言一切现代质量控制,无论是设计质量控制或在生产现场进行质量控制,其重要目标之一,是设法控制产品或工序输出特性值的波动,使特性值尽量接近预先设定的目标值(波动尽量小)。控制特性值波动的方法有三种,即直接控制特性值的波动;通过控制影响来间接控制特性值的波动;通过控制因素的波动来间接控制特性值的波动如图1。 I. Preface All modern quality control, whether it is to design quality control or quality control at the production site, one of the important goals is to try to control the fluctuation of the output characteristic value of the product or process to make the characteristic value as close as possible to the preset target value (Fluctuations as small as possible). There are three ways to control the fluctuation of characteristic values, that is, directly control the fluctuation of characteristic values; indirectly control the fluctuation of characteristic values ​​by controlling the influence; and indirectly control the fluctuations of characteristic values ​​by the fluctuation of control factors.