我国春秋末期的大军事家孙武和战国中期著名军事家孙膑,都是尊重客观实际的朴素唯物论者。他们从实际出发,认真总结了前人和他们所处时代战争活动的经验,直观地看到了战争与国家的治乱、兴衰、安危、得失和人民生死存亡的关系,看到了战争中主客、攻守、进退、强弱、勇怯、众寡、积疏、迂直、劳逸、饱饥、虚实、奇正等各种现象的变化和相互联系.客观地揭示了战争的一般规律和当时战争的某些 Sun Wu, a big military strategist in the late Spring and Autumn Period and Sun Quan, a famous military strategist in the mid-Warring States, all are simple materialists who respect objective reality. From the actual conditions, they conscientiously summed up their predecessors and the experience of the times in their war activities, and intuitively saw the relationship between the war and the state’s chaos, rise and fall, safety, gain and loss and people’s livelihood. They saw the main subjects in the war, offensive and defensive, The changes and interrelations of various phenomena such as advance and retreat, strength and weakness, courage and cowardice, numerousness, indissolubility, straightforwardness, work and rest, hunger, actual situation and oddness, objectively revealed the general laws of the war and certain some